INTERPRETING BUILDING PLAN

Building plan is designed by Architect and electrical design done by electrical engineer, while electrician implemented it practically. Ability to interpret building plan is playing vital role as per as electrician concern. Read the plan; consider the size, which direction doors open? How many ceiling fan needed for each room, water heater, cooker unit, socket outlet and switches. All this must fix them according to the regulation and safety. It can happen  you are just given to put electrical design  on the plan, but you are the electrician who will carryout  electrification    of the building. In this case, you will draft  the electrical symbols inside plan and also calculate the required number  for each items. Then give estimate. As an  electrician , you must consider which direction your door is opening why ? because to fix the switches at right place, for instant according to the above 3 bedroom flat plan  A, the  entering door is opening form right to left, in this situation  you must fix the switch at right wall, because it will, give  you easy  access to switch  before you enter the premises, this can save you for hitting any object .so observing the of spinning the doors is vital for positioning the switches. Also illumination must put in to consideration so that the room will be so bright, it can happen some one fix high number of bulbs, But  when you compare with other  rooms with small number bulbs is more bright, because of arranging of the bulbs using illumination guard line for the windows, do not position the bulb on top of window as illustrated below;

 

For diagram ( a)the reflection of light

bulb will be absorb by the window, no much light  to spread for security purposes.

Now I will discuss step by household wring let start with bedroom, For bedroom you can fix wall bracket, may be with recess on  ceiling it can be one or two ceiling fan, 15a socket outlet need to reduce depend on the 13a socket out lent need to reduce, depend on the need of the household. but as electrician you can give advice for proper electrification remember safety came first .

When you observed, in the above plan A ,there is garage where car can be park, in the case of garage may be only light can be fixed ,if there is safety you can fixed 13A socket outlet at entering door there is condor it need lighting point sometime it need one light point or more than depend on the length .you can loop 13A socket outlet, those  that  feed  small load  at the dining room you can fix change  layer for customizing the dining room ,in the  kitchen, you can know more illumination required just like day light which allow  sanitation during cooking to be observe.Cooker control unit also will be installed inside kitchen for cooking food.

In the case of bathroom, water heater can be fixed, but its switch is at the outside on the wall (side of the door) all the switches for lighting in the toilet must mounted at outside of the toilet door because, moisture lead to the electric shock that is the reason we position the switches outside the toilet by looking the above plan a, as electrician what  you need to carryout household electrical wiring?

ACCESSORIES:

ü   Couple-rs

ü   P.V.C  pipe  20mm²

ü    Bushing (male& female)

ü   Nock- out

ü   Looping box

ü   X & Y boxes

ü    Socket -13A,15A,30A

ü    Switches-1gang -1way, 2gang -1 way, 2gang -2 way, 3gang – 1way, 4gang -1 way and intermediate  switch. 

MATERIALS:

ü  Cables such as 1.5mm², 2.5mm²  ,4mm² ,6mm², 10mm² and  16mm²

TOOLS:

ü  Hacksaw

ü  Bending string

ü  Hammer

ü  Pliers

ü  Cuter

ü  Screw driver

ü  pushing tape

Calculating  require  Generator  for  the  premises  or industries:

To calculate the required Generator, first of all calculate the power rating of load assuming all the load consuming power. Let take an example:

If there is 3 Air conditioner, 3*756=2268

Water heater 1*756=756W

13A Socket-outlet @10, 10*1500W=15000W

Ceiling Fan @10, 10*40W=400W

Lighting @100, 100*200W=2000. Hence, KW=6.924KW

Cos 0.8

Cos ѳ

Cos 0.8

Cos ɸ

The formula is KVA=KW   =6.924KW   =6.924KVA.  Let use 10KVA Generator is ok.

Hence, Cos ѳ= 0.8

INSTRUMENTS:

ü  Multi-meter  for continuity test

ü  Phase meter

ü  Omega meter